International politics and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global legislative issues and Law - Essay Example 47 states are right now the individuals from UNHRC of which African and Asian commitment is 13 expresses every, 12 states are from Europe, 8 from Latin America and Caribbean and United States of America is the main part from North America. The UNHRC was set up in March 2006. The committee received its Institution Building Package in its first gathering in June 2007 and the components of the establishment bundle were planned to fill in as rule for future turns of events. The most significant component is the Universal Periodic Review which is defined for the appraisal of the human rights circumstance in all the part conditions of the United Nations. A warning board of trustees takes care of the human rights circumstance in the various areas of the world and offers suggestions to gadget techniques and strategies for guaranteeing the conveyance of human rights to every single human in this world. The United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Wom en was embraced and opened for mark, sanction and increase by the General Assembly goals 34/180 of 18 December 1979 and was gone into power on third September 1981. It is one of the nine significant arrangements of United Nations on Human Rights. All the state gathering to this human rights bargain will undoubtedly watch the provisos of the settlement and the UN Human Rights Council offers proposals to the legislatures for watching the human rights limitations as referenced in this show. The show depends on the UN Charter of major human rights which expresses the respect and worth of the human individual and equivalent rights for people. The show expresses that victimization any individual dependent on race, doctrine, nationality or sex is unsatisfactory in light of the fact that every person are brought into the world free and equivalent in pride and rights and every single individual in this world is allowed to rehearse his convictions and belief system and lead an actual existenc e as per the manner in which he regards reasonable for himself. The show lays weight on the privileges of ladies in the states gathering to the show and expresses that equivalent monetary, social, social, common and political privileges of people ought to be guaranteed. The show sets up worries over the ladies rights infringement on the planet and accentuates the annihilation of prejudice, animosity, hardship of fundamental privileges of food, garments and safe house to ladies. Throughout the years the show has been marked and confirmed by practically all the nations of the world and has demonstrated to be exceptionally compelling in guaranteeing the arrangement of ladies rights in different areas of the world. The state of ladies is entirely woeful in different locales of the world which incorporate South Asia, Africa, Middle East and Northern Africa. Certain insensitive conventions are as yet rehearsed in different nations of these areas and ladies are focused in these customs. Th e ladies in these districts are as yet not rewarded on equivalent premise in these areas of the world. The legislatures of these areas have built up rules and rules and have passed sacred laws and revisions for ensuring the privileges of the ladies yet the circumstance in a portion of the districts is still disturbing. The United Nations Human Rights Council is working adequately in revealing such occurrences to the individual governments and United Nations bodies and taskforces. UNHRC additionally gives its proposals to the legislatures and the United Nations bodies to authorize the human rights shows in these zones. These endeavors have been demonstrated very

Richard Branson and the Virgin Group of Companies in 2007 free essay sample

A. Issue Summary â€Å"Richard, you will wind up in jail or as a millionaire†. These are the expressions of the dean of Stowe, a private all inclusive school Branson dropped out at 17. His prosperity began by distributing a magazine called Student, at that point he proceeded onward to mail request records. This is the place the Virgin Group began. Richard Branson has built up his image in an enormous assortment of business sectors. The over-nature of the Virgin brand has made the purchasers not take the brand in a genuine way. One may contend that he extended his image excessively slender. This absence of center and over-broadening could bring about further over interests in ventures that don't hold a consistent future. In this paper we will slow down the key of feeling of obvious innovative turmoil. We will address points, for example, distinct advantages, prevailing rationale, attributes of business sectors that fit in with this rationale, and planning a corporate system and structure. We will compose a custom article test on Richard Branson and the Virgin Group of Companies in 2007 or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page B. Investigation †¢ Key Resources o Virgin Brand The Virgin name is the group’s most significant resource. The gathering is associated with a wide range of business running from carriers, books, gems to limousines. The Virgin Brand makes progress toward an incentive for cash, great quality, splendid client support, advancement, seriously testing and fun. The clients get these properties in an assortment of ways. This is the brand’s upper hand. o Branson Branson’s unpredictable character, laid-back look and appeal are the embodiment of the Virgin brand. Branson encapsulated the soul of â€Å"New Britain† to his age in view of his picture and pioneering soul. Branson went about as a magnet for potential business visionaries; his image effectively supported the making of new business thoughts to its improvement office in London, Sidney and New York. Branson’s resistance to corporate workplaces drove him to direct business from family homes, houseboats, and getaway homes. His picture radiated a cheerful way to deal with investigating new pursuits. Branson was intrigued by the Japanese way to deal with business. Their drawn out turn of events and spotlight on natural development were the key focuses Branson respected. His systems administration aptitudes began a youthful age. His first group was included cherished companion Nik Powell, and princely people, for example, Simon Draper and Mike Oldfield. Key administration of the Virgin Group is the casual relations among Branson and a little center of long haul partners who structure the senior supervisory group of the gathering. Branson considers income and capital incentive as significant execution pointers, as opposed to moving in bookkeeping benefits. His inclination to maintain a strategic distance from transient available benefits makes his methodology perfect, moving in long haul capital development. †¢ Dominant Logic The capacity of the Virgin Group to work viably with so little structure or the board frameworks owes a lot to the group’s remarkable hierarchical culture. This is characterized on the whole by Branson’s the executives style. His style mirrors his feeling of fun, disregard for chain of importance and formal power, duty to representatives and purchasers and confidence in difficult work and individual obligation. †¢ Characteristics of Markets that Conform to this Logic o Consumer Branson needed to offer purchasers a â€Å"new deal† by ceaselessly being keeping watch for business openings. Branson did as such by including adventure with direct deals to buyers and passing on the cost reserve funds from bypassing conventional dispersion channels. o Dominant Incumbent Branson’s Virgin Travel is the predominant officeholder Virgin brand organization. Post 2002 recuperation in the carrier business, Virgin Travel had the option to turn the biggest benefit of the Virgin Groups. o High Entry Barriers to Other Start-ups The carrier and galactic organizations both include high section boundaries and noteworthy beginning up costs. Notwithstanding costs, Branson likewise needed to haggle with governments so as to get endorsement. o Branson/Virgin Image Appeals to Customers Branson had confidence in numerous organizations interlocking through administrative and value linkages in a cooperative system. He achieved this by having little organizations consolidated and accepts â€Å"small is beautiful† with quality through solidarity. Branson is a solid promoter of taking advantage of the huge enterprises. †¢ Designing a Corporate Strategy and Structure o Business Model Virgin Group is based upon the hypothesis of making an innovative hatchery and differentiating the organization however much as could be expected. Branson doesn't need his best individuals to leave the organization and start their own endeavors. Rather, he wants to form them into tycoons inside. The organization is centered around broadening into numerous business sectors. A portion of these business sectors incorporate travel, adornments, amusement, records, and versatile. His corporate procedure is centered around income and capital worth. He needs to expand his company’s genuine worth and a drawn out money age potential. He couldn't care less about his bookkeeping benefit. o Type of Structure The Virgin Group is organized as though they are 150 little organizations. Every one takes care of its, as though they are their own organizations. Workers have a stake in their prosperity. They believe they are significant to their individual organization since they are one-in-fifty or one out of many rather than one-in-several thousands. The entirety of the organizations are under the Virgin umbrella, yet none of them are taken a gander at, as just an auxiliary. C. Choices As for the degree for New Approaches to Customer Service, Branson needs to make an incentive for the clients entering with another defiant disposition, which tried to offer clients a superior other option. Branson would have liked to bring a much needed refresher. Virgin’s splendid client assistance approach strived to be â€Å"friendly, human, and loose; proficient yet not corporate†. As indicated by the budgetary consequences of select Virgin Companies from 2004 to 2006. Virgin Retail Limited had a negative net benefit in 2004. This part of Virgin could be taken a gander at to possibly strip. So as to keep up the Virgin name a triumph. Branson may hope to combine a portion of his various brands later on. With the danger of Britain’s capital additions charge laws, this could dispense with the upsides of different seaward organizations, which Branson is associated with. D. Proposal We feel the best option for Branson and his Virgin Brand is investigate stripping out of certain business sectors and concentrating more for a littler scope. Richard should investigate putting more into the organizations that are performing admirably and stray from unfruitful, high-chance markets. On the off chance that Branson takes a gander at the money related point of view of his organizations and conceivably strip in the poor performing ones, he might be increasingly fruitful. By and large, Branson has been for the most part effective as he continued looking for Virgin strength. There is some opportunity to get better in Branson’s methodologies; be that as it may, he will do what Branson needs to do. What's more, this procedure has clearly been effective hitherto.

SIPA on iTunes COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

SIPA on iTunes COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog There are many ways to gather information about SIPA. Our web site, this blog, and a visit to SIPA are just a few of the ways. iTunes is another avenue you can use to obtain information about opportunities available to our students. When you open iTunes, simply type SIPA into the iTunes search box and you will find a long list of SIPA lectures, forums, and panels available for download. They are all free and we publish events as they happen so repeat the search on a consistent basis for updates. SIPA on iTunes COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog There are many ways to gather information about SIPA. Our Web site, this blog, and a visit to SIPA are just a few of the ways. iTunes is another avenue you can use to obtain information about opportunities available to our students. When you open iTunes and visit the iTunes store simply type “SIPA” into the search box and you will find a long list of SIPA lectures, forums, and panels available for download. They are all free and we publish events as they happen so repeat the search on a consistent basis for updates.

The Reality Of The Real Housewives Of Orange County Essay

The Reality of The Real Housewives of Orange County A reality television show where cameras follow affluent women as they enjoy their lavish lifestyle in Orange County, California is depicted in Bravo’s The Real Housewives of Orange County. The American reality television series focuses on the personal and professional lives of several women living extravagantly wealthy lives mostly due to their wealthy husbands. Over the past 5 years the success of the innovative reality TV show has allowed for an expansion of several installments of The Real Housewives franchise into various regions, including Beverly Hills and New York. Viewers have been riveted by the fictionalized version of such lavish lifestyle on television, however, The Real Housewives series has evolved as one of the most controversial reality television shows aired due to its depiction of women. The Real Housewives of Orange County have manipulated the audience to believe their fictionalized depiction of reality and with this have created a negative representation of women through their representational casting strategies. First of all, The Real Housewives of Orange County presents a cynical portrayal of extremely wealthy women and therefore creates a negative female stereotype. The main focus of the show are women, contrary to most reality television series, however they are constructed and depicted as subordinate and dependent on their husbands. By depicting these women as spoiled and privileged, they mockShow MoreRelated The Influence of Reality TV on Society Essay2125 Words   |  9 PagesAccording to Medical Procedure News, reality television is contributing to cosmetic surgery procedures, with more than 9.2 million procedures performed as a result of people watching reality shows. 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But the concern about appearance is quite normal and understandable given society’s standards. According

John Locke Over Thomas Hobbes - 983 Words

John Locke over Thomas Hobbes John Locke to me will forever be the MORE correct philosopher out of these two. First and foremost because the government I grew up in and was taught to believe in whole-heartedly is based more on Sir John Locke’s ideas and theories than it is on Thomas Hobbes’s. I say that now to get it out of the way so I can move on to more intelligible and thought provoking facts and opinions behind this personal belief. To translate the messy, spider webbed, hectic thought that’s in my head in the simplest way possible, I believe it’s hard to make either type of government work. It’s just especially hard to make an absolute monarch/†one man show† work. A monarch is basically a gamble because you have no say in who’s the leader. You just have to hope that the past leader was a half-ass decent parent who raised a child to have a good head on his/her shoulders and won’t drive the entire country into the groun d. Now the beliefs and theories that John Locke had listed in his book The Two Treatises of Government state that since a government is something created by people to protect people’s rights and liberties that the people should have a say in who’s running the whole show and at least a little say in what the government does. Now, all of that is just the very basic idea of these two philosophies so of course there’s more to cover. As I said, Thomas Hobbes was a firm believer in what I’m going to call (for lack of a better term) a â€Å"one man show.† Basically,Show MoreRelatedEssay about Phi-286 Mod 3 Wa 1827 Words   |  4 PagesIndependence) follows from John Lockes theory of government? Could it follow from Hobbess theory of government? Under what circumstances? Thomas Jeffersons theory of revolution seems to follow specific criteria from Thomas Hobbes original foundation, which was further expanded upon by John Locke and ultimately fine tuned by Thomas Jefferson. 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Psychology and Personality Traits Free Essays

Some scientists believe that genes determine character traits such as shyness or generosity. Do you think this is true? Which elements of your personality do you believe you have inherited? Discuss, mentioning specific examples. Some genetic researches have prove that our genes play a big role in formation of our physical characteristics. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology and Personality Traits or any similar topic only for you Order Now But traits we inherited from our parents are not restricted to our looks and body types, we also inherited social, mental and psychological traits. Despite that some psychologists think that important factors in shaping our personality traits are the environment, the education and the experience. For example, children usually observe how their parents handle issues and over time they end to handle practical life issues is similar ways. However, there is no clear-cut answer to the question of is the personality genetically inherited or developed gradually through experience. In my case, I remember those days when I imitated my parents. Remember myself playing games at house such as cooking and cleaning. I wasn’t imagining myself to live in luxury and having a lot of goods. Because my parents had led a simpler life, I am more often satisfied with less. So I believe that my childhood fantasies are shaped by my parent’s way of life. They do shape my expectation of life, my spending habits and materialism. If a child has parents live in luxury, it will imagine having tea with imagined dignitaries. Thus, I don’t know if genes determine my character traits but the interaction between social and culture environment has an important role in a personality forming. Another character trait that I was encouraged to form was fond of reading. Reading was a common action at home. My reverence of reading must have been inherited from my mother. Books had been given to me from my mother. She believes that a person that is fond of reading have more elegantly than someone that does not manifest any interest in culture. On the other hand even if I hadn’t follow suit my mother in reading, the result will be the same. All, in all, I believe that the most reasonable answer or all is neither one, not the other, but the interaction of the two, the genetic and the environmental factor. And we mustn’t ignore such similarities in order to maintain our individuality. While the true is that we are all unique, there are certain personality traits our parents may have passed on to us. How to cite Psychology and Personality Traits, Essay examples

Psychology and Personality Traits Free Essays

Some scientists believe that genes determine character traits such as shyness or generosity. Do you think this is true? Which elements of your personality do you believe you have inherited? Discuss, mentioning specific examples. Some genetic researches have prove that our genes play a big role in formation of our physical characteristics. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology and Personality Traits or any similar topic only for you Order Now But traits we inherited from our parents are not restricted to our looks and body types, we also inherited social, mental and psychological traits. Despite that some psychologists think that important factors in shaping our personality traits are the environment, the education and the experience. For example, children usually observe how their parents handle issues and over time they end to handle practical life issues is similar ways. However, there is no clear-cut answer to the question of is the personality genetically inherited or developed gradually through experience. In my case, I remember those days when I imitated my parents. Remember myself playing games at house such as cooking and cleaning. I wasn’t imagining myself to live in luxury and having a lot of goods. Because my parents had led a simpler life, I am more often satisfied with less. So I believe that my childhood fantasies are shaped by my parent’s way of life. They do shape my expectation of life, my spending habits and materialism. If a child has parents live in luxury, it will imagine having tea with imagined dignitaries. Thus, I don’t know if genes determine my character traits but the interaction between social and culture environment has an important role in a personality forming. Another character trait that I was encouraged to form was fond of reading. Reading was a common action at home. My reverence of reading must have been inherited from my mother. Books had been given to me from my mother. She believes that a person that is fond of reading have more elegantly than someone that does not manifest any interest in culture. On the other hand even if I hadn’t follow suit my mother in reading, the result will be the same. All, in all, I believe that the most reasonable answer or all is neither one, not the other, but the interaction of the two, the genetic and the environmental factor. And we mustn’t ignore such similarities in order to maintain our individuality. While the true is that we are all unique, there are certain personality traits our parents may have passed on to us. How to cite Psychology and Personality Traits, Essay examples

Store Cashier Incentive

Introduction Entrepreneurs start businesses with a view to make profit. Profits do not happen by themselves except through a process that executes relevant business functions. The place of the employee or staff is essential towards the achievement of the business goals and objectives.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Store Cashier Incentive specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This places the question of staff motivation as key to the fulfillment of business objectives. The relationship between motivation and performance is crucial. Staff motivation has to do with the provision of a pleasant working environment for the workers. It involves the creation of relevant work ethics, clarification of responsibilities and documentation of effective performance appraisal and rewarding system. A company will not be able to achieve desired results without motivated staff. Business owners must ensure that employees derive meaning from the work they do. This will guarantee their commitment and excellence in performance. The success of the company depends more or less on the passion and concentration of workers. Staff motivation is the key to business excellence (Bruce and Pepitone, 1999). The store must invest in motivation. Purpose does not exist in most of today’s business enterprises. One of the reasons why staff become demoralized has to do with lack of clarity for the purpose within the business. The store cashier has a vital role of ensuring that the customers of the store get satisfied. This means that the cashier must undertake such tasks and activities that ensure excellent customer service and satisfaction. They must also perform those tasks with the utmost excellence. The incentive program should include clarity of work purposes. The incentive program details the activities involved in the fulfillment of work tasks. The purposes for which those tasks become undertaken must be clarified. Pur pose will help workers in making the right choices about work activities and find meaning in what they do. The external needs of the cashiers should be met as a means of providing a pleasant working environment. The program should work around dealing with external uncertainties surrounding customer satisfaction – dealing with customer moods, tastes and preferences (Thomas, 2009). The other components to be considered include – creation of a high performance culture environment and rewarding outstanding implementation and performance.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The incentive program should address critical work issues – staff satisfaction with job assignment, recognition, management support and understanding. The components of the incentive program should be integrated within the human resource training module. It should be entrenched in the employee team building program. The business monitoring and evaluation matrices should reflect the adopted components of the incentive program. Excellent feedback mechanism systems should be developed to allow continuous interaction between the employees and the human resource managers and business owners. All the components of the individual incentive program can be adopted for implementation at the corporation or store level. The other store or group incentives include developing a model for corporation wide staff motivation. The store managers should also refine the store’s core values. The store values should focus the cashiers and other employees towards the store purpose. The same store incentives should be channeled creatively through the store managers and during employees team building activities. The store wide incentives should be entrenched within the store policies and implemented by the managers using a relevant store wide structure. Conclusion The priority of store own ers should be to develop incentives that motivate the staff. This will result in excellent staff performance and customer satisfaction. References Bruce, A., Pepitone, J.S. (1999). Motivating Employees. New York: The McGraw – Hill Companies, Inc. Thomas, K. W. (2009). Intrinsic Motivation at Work: What Really Drives Employee  Engagement. California: Berrett – Koehler Publishers, Inc. This essay on Store Cashier Incentive was written and submitted by user R0man to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sieze and the third estate essays

Sieze and the third estate essays What the Third Estate Contributed to The Declaration of the Right of Man and Citizen Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes was a French revolutionary who changed the course of the revolution with his famous pamphlet What is the Third Estate. As written in Baker, this pamphlet shaped the demands of the Third Estate during the election of the States-General, defined their political strategy, and elaborated principles that were to become fundamental to the subsequent development of revolutionary ideology (Baker, 1987). Sieyes defines the Third Estate, what they have meant to French policies, and what they want to establish for themselves in politics in the future. Sieyes argues that the Third Estate deserves a voice in the policies and laws that rules their lives and not by those of the privileged do not have to live by the same laws. In his definition of the third estate as a nation, Sieyes argues that the third estate embodies everything that a nation needs to survive: first, they control the land, which does not necessarily mean that they own it, but they are the people who work the land and allow for land to prosper. Second, they increase the value of the goods from that land through human industry by becoming consumers of the product that their labor produced. Between production and consumption of goods is the third importance of the third estate to the nation and that is through dealers and merchants. These are the people who sell the goods for the owner and cause the other members of the third estate to buy products at the inflated price. The fourth contribution embodies all other general or menial tasks done by the third estate, which, in turn, supports all of society as a whole. Sieyes concedes that with in the third estate in lies the potential of everything a nation needs to be great. With out the first two estates, the nation would not be weaker, but stronger. The privileged order could not surv...

The Impotence of Proofreading

The Impotence of Proofreading The Impotence of Proofreading The Impotence of Proofreading By Daniel Scocco Its a fact that a spell checker will not catch all the mistakes on your text. More specifically, it will not catch misspellings that form other valid words. So how do you solve this problem? Proofreading, of coarse! Just read again through youre text trying to spot words that dont fit, and make sure to not loose the focus while you do it. Proofreading is sometimes more important then using the spell checker itself. You should proofread virtually any written piece, from emails to blog posts. Proofread your homework as well, since you dont want to drive the principle of your school crazy. Lets be honest, misspelled words are defiantly a sign of ignorance. The simple act of proofreading will have a great affect on the quality of your material, and I am sure that youll earn more complements from people. Their you go my friend, and take this advice seriously. After all, you dont want to look dumb in front of the general pubic! P.S. Can you find all the mistakes? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should KnowUsed To vs. Use To50 Synonyms for â€Å"Villain†

Maicro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Maicro - Essay Example The interview was taken with the aid of an interview guide and it has been analyzed qualitatively. The decision taken by the person, who would be referred to as economist was a decision to merge his small printing business with a cyber cafe. There were two major factors that influenced the decision for a merger. In the first place, the economist had the realization that most people who use the internet cafe also patronize printing and other secretarial services such as scanning, photocopying, lamination and binding; all of which he offered in his firm. He therefore wanted to extend these services to the users of the internet cafe. To him, joining the internet cafe was a way to increase the number of services he offered. The other reason that influenced the decision was the fact that the economist realized that the size of his business was small and needed to expand. However, he wanted this to happen within a very short time. According to Joel (2011) â€Å"The main purpose of many me rgers is to produce a synergistic effect in a much shorter time than would be possible through a gradual growth, if it would otherwise be possible at all.† This is to say that the decision for merger ensures an outright growth of a company from a single state to a double state. This growth is sudden rather than gradual. What is more, merger was less cost involving compared to decision to start a new internet cafe from the scratch. Whiles deciding to merge his company, there were three prime expectations of the economist. In the first place, he had an expectation of reviving his company, which was declining in growth. According to him, this was partly because there had been the establishment of several printing businesses in the area where he operated from. The opening of the new printing firms caused serious competition. He explained that there became several options for customers and that though he continued to serve his customers well, some of the customers wanted to make go od use of the new businesses with reasons such as avoiding delays at his end because he had to serve many people when there were other firms that were empty. Again, he had a realization that most of the people who entered his firm came with an expectation to have internet service so that they could print from the internet. Such people who did not find the internet service in place went to other places where they could have both internet and printing services. It was therefore his expectation that with the merger, his firm would grow because all the people who came to his firm and left because there was no internet service would now do business with him. As a follow up to his first expectation, he felt that expanding his business would increase the number of customers he had. This was because he would have his regular customers and the customers of the internet cafe all on his side. Again, he would have an increase in the number of customers he served because the firm would now be in position to offer wide range of services. Naturally, by serving many customers at a time, he was sure his profit would increase. Lastly, the decision was taken in order to have a supporting partner to aid with the managerial and financial affairs of the company. According to the economist, his firm was a sole proprietorship company and that having access

Technology Infrastructure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Technology Infrastructure - Essay Example An IP address; however, can be assigned either statically (permanent) or dynamically (temporary). In the given router scenario configuration, there are two IP addresses from two different classes i.e. 70.115.23.137 of class A (on Internet Port) and 192.168.1.1 of class C (on LAN Port). The two are different as like MAC Addresses (above). Commonly, a router owns two separate IP addresses one for the local network (LAN) and other one for accessing public network (WAN). After reviewing the given scenario, the DHCP service is turned off which means that IP addresses would not assigned dynamically to the devices within the LAN structure. Each networking device in the scenario should be assigned a unique (static) IP address within the range of given IP i.e. 192.168.1.1. As mentioned above that this is a â€Å"class C† address, and can support up-to 254 hosts. As 192.168.1.1 is configured on the router’s LAN port, broadcast address for this range is 192.168.1.255; useable range of IP addresses is 192.168.1.2- 192.168.1.254. IP address of the router’s LAN port is 192.168.1.1; thus the default gateway address for every device in the LAN shall be configured as 192.168.1.1. Configured device would identify router as the â€Å"door† pointing out of the local network (LAN) towards the public network (WAN). The subnet mask of router is configured to 255.255.255.0 which also categorized as the network segment for the given scenario, so the subnet mask of the IP address assigned to the device should also be set 255.255.255.0, as device is configured to appear in the network segment. It is a system of accessing document through internet by applying standard protocols. In another words it is a transparent, easy to use, user interface for accessing internet servers regardless of knowing actual position of that server. It is a mechanism that links the hostname with the corresponding IP address over web (Blank, 2004, p. 174-175). In other words in is

Treatment Intervention to Improve Sleeping Habits

Treatment Intervention to Improve Sleeping Habits Individual Assignment: Bad Sleeping Habits Koh Ke Mian Bad Sleeping Habits According to Carskadon and Dement (2011), sleep is both combinations of physiologic and behavioral processes. When sleeping, the awareness to environment stimuli will decrease (Carskadon Dement). On the other hand, National Institutes of Health (2011) had stated that sleep is just for your brain and body to shut down. People always think sleep is merely their â€Å"down time† due to their brains will shut off when sleeping. Therefore, people will always stay up late because they will think sleeping is not important and it is wasting their time. Moreover, the researchers found that how much you rested depends on the total sleep, timing of the sleep stages, and how much sleep you get each night (National Institutes of Health). Besides, Kashmir Monitor (2012) had stated that health problems are caused by the sleeping patterns. In this globalization and urbanization, bad sleeping habit has become common and more and more young people stay up late to make sure their work is done o n the day. In addition, people will also sacrifice their sleep to do other things, such as rushing assignment which due on the next day, watch movies, play games, or chit chatting. According to Sleep Health Foundation (2011), bad sleeping habits is defined as poor sleep hygiene. Bad sleeping habits can be refer as erratically bedtime routine, which is not enough sleep for each day and sleeping very late. Bad sleeping habits may bring a lot of consequences to us which may influence our life. There are consequences that will be affected by bad sleeping habits. According to Harvard Health Publications (2007), there are connection between sleep and heart disease. They had stated that bad sleeping habits may cause heart disease and heart disease will affect the quality of sleep (Harvard Health Publications). On the other hand, the researchers had also mentioned that bad sleep habits brings a lot of consequences, such as high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, heart attack, heart failure, stroke, diabetes, and obesity (Harvard Health Publications). According to Harvard Health Publications, there will be higher risk of getting heart attack due to the bad sleeping habits. Furthermore, the researcher had also stated that bad sleeping habits causes higher risk of getting mood disorder such as major depression (Oster, 2012). Other than that, the researcher had found that students who have bad sleeping habits will negatively affect their academic performance (Park 2009). In addition, bad sleeping habits may also affect the performance and difficulty concentrating in class (Park). National Institutes of Health (2011) had stated that people who suffer from lack of sleep will slower down the thinking processes, harder to focus or pay attention on something, may cause confusion easier, make the wrong decision and risk taking, and slower down the reaction time. People who do something which need quick reaction may be dangerous if they suffer from lack of sleep. According to Cain (2012), the intervention of school will be effective in increasing the knowledge of sleep to adolescents. However, there are no significantly improvements of changing bad sleeping habits (Cain). On the other hand, students had stated that there were no motivations for them to change their habits in order to get more sleep (Cain). According to Cain, he had stated that people who have bad sleeping habits have the trend to avoid the morning bright light. Other than that, the researchers had mentioned that changing a behavior may require the willingness of an individual (Miller Rollnick, 2002, p.10, as cited in Cain). To change the bad sleeping habits, the individuals should have the willingness to change and believe on their own ability which they can change the habits. Motivating me is the way that I can change this habit and knowing more about the effect that cause by the bad sleeping habits may force me to change it. I will change this habit due to the consequences that could bring me. According to Harvard Health Publications (2007), lack of sleep will cause high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, heart attack, heart failure, stroke, diabetes and obesity. Lack of sleep may also affect an individual difficult to focus, decrease reaction time, and faulty decision making (National Institutes of Health, 2011). In addition, the tools that I will use to help me change my bad sleeping habits are avoid to take caffeinated drink at least four hours before going to sleep, not to take nap in the evening because it may make it harder to sleep at night, not taking meals when going to bed but not feel hungry, try to go to bed at same times, and not spending too much of time with bed while not sleeping (Sleep Health Foundation, 2011). According to LeBourgeois, Gi annotti, Cortesi, Wolfson, and Harsh (2005), as cited in Marhefka (2011), avoid taking nap in the late-afternoon or taking nap more than an hour during daytime, and not taking alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco before going to bed may have good sleeping habits. Method To make sure that I change the behavior, the behavior that I measure is the bad sleeping habits. In the baseline phase, I have used a mobile app which called sleepbot (Refer to Appendix F) to help me record my sleeping time and wake up time. This app help to record people’s sleep pattern and it can also track motion. It can help people know what are the problems that make them cannot sleep well and they can change their sleeping pattern through understanding this. Moreover, through recording my sleeping time and wake up time, I can know the amount of my sleeping time that I slept in a day and mostly what time I go to bed. Moreover, in treatment phase, I had set alarm clock for myself which remind me to sleep and wake up on time. Besides, sleepbot is the app that could help me calculate my amount of sleep and how much I debt to my sleep. I had set up the hours that I have to sleep which is eight hours a day and I set the alarm clock by using this app as well. Through using this sleepbot application, it reminds me the time I have to sleep everyday which may help me change my bad sleeping habits. On the other hand, this app may also allow me to record my daily sleeping quality. I will choose this app to help me change my bad sleeping habits because this app has a lot of functions which I can use it and no need to download so many apps that help me record my sleep quality. Furthermore, I will choose this app to help me change my behaviour because the first things that I will do when I open my eyes is check my smartphone. This app has the alarm clock system, so I will turn off it when it ring and it records my wake up time together, and I think it is very convenience. Results In the baseline phase, there are 54.4 hours of sleep time from 29th January 2015 to 5th February 2015 (Refer to Appendix A). The average daily sleep in these seven days is 9.1 hours. There is only a day which I did not sleep for eight hours. However, the earliest sleep time for me is at 12.14am and the latest sleep time is at 1.39am (Refer to Appendix B). Other than that, my earliest wake up time in the baseline phase was at 7.15am, and the latest wake up time was at 11.06am. Even though the total average sleep for me was 9.1 hours, but I do not have a healthy life style (Refer to Appendix A). Therefore, I would like to change it and make me be healthier. The treatment phase started from 12th February 2015 to 19th March 2015. In this treatment phase, I had found that the earliest sleeping time for me was at 11.15pm, but the latest sleep time was at 2.57am (Refer to Appendix D). This has showed that the behaviour that I would like to change had failed. Furthermore, my average sleep ti me in this treatment phase is 8.8 hours per day (Refer to Appendix C). It showed I slept more than eight hours a day, but my sleeping time and wake up time are not the same every day. On the other hand, the researcher had stated that if a person want to have good sleeping habits, they should go to bed at the same time (Sleep Health Foundation, 2011). According to Appendix E, the longest time I slept was about 12 hours, and the shortest time I slept was about four hours. My consumption of sleep dramatically changes every day. Furthermore, the results had showed that I did not change my sleep behaviour throughout the time and it had showed that I had slept latest in the treatment phase than baseline phase. Discussions This treatment programme did not work for me. This is because Lunar New Year was in my treatment phase, and I went to travel on that time. I could not sleep on time because I was not in the hotel on that time. Furthermore, this treatment programme failed because the treament period was the assignment weeks and I had to sacrifice my sleeping time to finish my assignment on time. In addition, I think procrastination is the important effect that I have to sacrifice my sleeping time to do my assignment. On the other hand, I think the app was useful, however, it could not motivate me to sleep earlier. Moreover, I think the weakness of this app was that I have to open the app myself while I want to record my sleep time and it is not convenient for me when I was feeling sleepy. It caused me lost my drowsiness when I started to set my sleeping time. This is because I have to think where my app is which caused me to regain consciousness. I think this app had contributed to me 60 percent out o f 100 percent. This is because it does not provide any other functions such as tips which help for sleeping, or music which makes people relaxes. Furthermore, I always switch off my smartphone when I am sleeping. However, this app needs to on my phone all the time and it drain my phone battery whole night. The difficulties that I had faced in this treatment phase were I did not have any motivation which helps me to sleep earlier. In addition, there were a lot of others factors which caused me to sleep late, such as rushing assignment, watch drama, or chit chatting. Procrastinating could affect my sleeping time. Furthermore, I think that because of nobody urge me to sleep earlier which makes me do not care on it. Besides, I had influenced by other people (e.g. family and housemates) that they all sleep very late and it makes me to sleep late also. According to Voke (2002), environment encourages exploration will encourage the child’s natural motivation. The motivation will come from the encouragement of environment. Other than that, according to Saul (2014), he stated that procrastinating could affect ability to sleep, and also affect general health and well-being. I think the app could add some music in which could help people to relax when they are stress out and could not sleep due to the stressful environment. In addition, I think the app may provide some functions which calculate the intake of caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol in a day. This is because the amount of taking caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol may also affect the quality of sleep. Other than that, I think this app should change their system which allows their user to switch off their phone while they are sleeping. It not only helps the users sleep better, it also helps the users to save the battery of their phone. Besides, I think I should ask someone to urge me to done my work earlier and also go to sleep before 12am. I think it could be effective if someone urging me. Moreover, stay with the people who sleep early could motivate me sleep earlier. In addition, I may also require my family to sleep earlier which help to motivate me.

Abolition of the Death Penalty

Jeremy Brooks Suzanne Gerbasi Coms 101-37 10/30/12 Persuasive Speech Topic: Abolition of the Death Penalty General Purpose: To Persuade Specific purpose: To persuade my audience that we should abolish the death penalty in California. Central Idea: The death penalty should be abolished because of the inefficiency of the legal system, its high economic cost, and its moral implications. I. Introduction When I joined the current debate team in high school, I knew I would have to learn to respect and accept points of view different than my own.Arguing both sides of a hot topic taught me to value the merit of my opposition’s points. With much research and an open-mind, I even came to change my opinions on many issues—including my support of California’s death penalty. After getting down to brass tacks and really looking at the facts, I concluded that the negatives far outweigh any positives of the death penalty. Along with the extremely high costs, it uses up countless hours of court time and often discriminates against certain groups of people.While other countries have moved forward and outlawed this practice, we remain clinging to an idea that is no longer practical or ethical in today’s world. California needs to abolish the death penalty and save our time, tax dollars, and innocent people’s lives. You would think that keeping someone alive for the rest of their life would be a greater financial burden then simply condemning them to their death, right? Wrong. In this counter-intuitive situation, executing a person is a much more complicated process than it seems.When you add up the costs of pre-trial legalities, the actual trials themselves, appeal court cases, and the necessary incarceration of convicts in maximum-security prisons, the total has robbed Californians of an exorbitant amount of money. Exactly how much is that? Well, a study by Judge Arthur Alarcon and Prof. Paula Mitchell  concluded that the death penalty in Cal ifornia has cost us more than $4 billion since 1978. Furthermore, according to the California Commission on the Fair Administration of Justice, the death penalty policy is currently costing our state at least $137 million each year.Now compare this to the cost of a life without parole system-which would only cost the state $11. 5 million a year. Do the math; a switch to this kind of system would save more than $125 million dollars annually- that isn’t mere pocket change. Now let’s take a look at how well the death penalty works in practice. To give you a picture of how inefficient California’s death penalty system is, according to the Death Penalty Information Center- 86% of inmates die from other causes before they can be executed.This is because inmates spend their time appealing, finding expert witnesses, and looking for loopholes in the system to drag out the court process. This takes up the valuable time of our limited resources of qualified judges and lawy ers. By switching to a system that gives convicted felons life without parole, we would bring inmates to a similar standard of other prisoners convicted of serious felonies. This would restore valuable court time to judges and lawyers while still making sure that the lawbreakers are given the punishment they deserve.So what happens when it actually comes to executing people? The death penalty has proven to be unfairly biased in many ways by the human rights organization Amnesty International. First of all, it is racially biased. Amnesty International’s research has found that, â€Å"Since 1977, the overwhelming majority of death row defendants (77%) have been executed for killing white victims, even though African-Americans make up about half of all homicide victims. † Secondly, the death penalty doesn’t take mental illness into account. Therefore, dozens of prisoners have been executed despite their disabilities.Third, most people sentenced to death cannot affo rd to hire their own attorney. This means the state has to provide them with an unmotivated lawyer who will not likely present his best case possible. In addition, political factors, chance, and location can all decide whether a person lives or dies. Do we really want to make such an important decision- condemning a person to death- when such arbitrary conditions are present? Take into account that I have not even mentioned up to now the many times we have gotten it wrong and executed or had to release innocent victims.Amnesty reports that more than 140 people have been cleared from crimes after being sentenced to die. I certainly don’t want that hanging over my conscience. To be fair, since I have said why we should abolish the death penalty I suppose it is fair to give the two main arguments in favor of the death penalty a chance. One main reason I hear people say they support the death penalty is because it is a deterrent that scares people into cooperating. However, there is no evidence to suggest that this is true. In fact, there is evidence to support that opposite.FBI data shows that the states without a death penalty have lower homicide rates on average. Also, most homicides happen on a whim- meaning the killer probably isn’t clearly thinking through the consequences of his or her actions at the time of the crime. The other argument I hear is that it is cheaper to kill someone than take care of him or her until they die. Based on the data I provided earlier we know this is false. With a strong case for the abolition of the death penalty in California, it is time to let you know what you can do to make this happen.Besides educating your friends, protesting the death penalty, and joining nonprofit organizations like Amnesty International, the most effective step you can take today to stop the death penalty is mark a yes on your ballot next to Proposition 34. Prop 34 would change our flawed policy to the life without parole option I mentione d. This would save valuable court time, taxpayers’ dollars, and ensure that we aren’t being racially biased or murdering innocent people. Any way you look at it, the death penalty needs to die.

The Recent History Of The Additional Rate Of Income Tax

Overview: The Recent History of the Additional Rate of Income Tax It is important to note, from the onset, that income tax remains the government’s largest revenue source – effectively raking in an average of 30 percent of the total tax collected. In essence, every individual has what is referred to as personal allowance on income tax, whereby every tax year, all incomes that do not exceed the set allowance are not taxed. All other income is subject to the various tax rates captured in several bands. In the year 2009 budget, it was announced that beginning April 2010, individuals raking in incomes exceeding  £150,000 would be subject to a new 50% tax rate (HM Revenue Customs, 2014). The previous rate, prior to the introduction of the top rate by the Labor government had been 45p. However, the incoming government reduced the top rate to 45p – a change that took effect from 2013 April. It is important to note that all incomes that do not exceed  £32,000 are, at the moment, subject to a basic tax rate of 20%. For those raking in more than  £32,011 (with a ceiling of  £150,000), a higher rate applies. According to the proposal to restore the 50% additional rate of income tax, 50% of incomes exceeding  £150,000 (which are at present taxed at the rate of 45%) ought to be handed over to Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as tax. The person fronting the said proposal is Ed Balls, a Labor Party politician. Should the 50% Additional Rate of Income Tax Rate beShow MoreRelatedShould The Uk Government Restore The 50 % Additional Rate Of Income Tax? Essay1381 Words   |  6 PagesRestore the 50% Additional Rate of Income Tax? The United Kingdom has developed to become one the highest taxed nations across the globe despite impaired competitiveness and stifled economic growth. 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